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Vol. 57, Issue 5, 976-983, May 2000
Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University, Faculty of Medicine,
Kyoto, Japan (T.I., J.K., K.N., M.M., S.N.); and Drug Discovery
Laboratories (Osaka), WelFide Corporation (Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical
Industries), Hirakata, Japan (M.U., I.T.)
Y-27632
[(+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide
dihydrochloride] is widely used as a specific inhibitor of the
Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein serine/threonine kinase
(ROCK) family of protein kinases. This study examined the inhibition
mechanism and profile of actions of Y-27632 and a related compound,
Y-30141
[(+)-(R)-trans- 4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)cyclohexan-ecarboxamide dihydrochloride]. Y-27632 and Y-30141 inhibited the kinase activity of
both ROCK-I and ROCK-II in vitro, and this inhibition was reversed by
ATP in a competitive manner. This suggests that these compounds inhibit
the kinases by binding to the catalytic site. Their affinities for ROCK
kinases as determined by Ki values were at
least 20 to 30 times higher than those for two other Rho effector
kinases, citron kinase and protein kinase PKN.
[3H]Y-30141 was taken up by cells in a temperature- and
time-dependent and saturable manner, and this uptake was competed with
unlabeled Y-27632. No concentrated accumulation was found, suggesting
that the uptake is a carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion. Y-27632 abolished stress fibers in Swiss 3T3 cells at 10 µM, but the
G1-S phase transition of the cell cycle and
cytokinesis were little affected at this concentration. Y-30141 was 10 times more potent than Y-27632 in inhibiting the kinase activity and
stress fiber formation, and it caused significant delay in the
G1-S transition and inhibition of cytokinesis at 10 µM.
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